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Every state with scrap metal dealer regulation requires dealers to collect and retain identification from sellers. The requirements govern what forms of ID are acceptable, what information must be recorded, how long records must be kept, and whether records must be submitted electronically to law enforcement. Getting this wrong — particularly on high-value or regulated material transactions — is the fastest path to a compliance violation.

What You Must Collect at Minimum

Even in states with the most basic requirements, dealers should collect and record all of the following from every seller:

Many states require additional information beyond this baseline. See the state-by-state details below.

Acceptable Forms of ID

ID TypeAccepted?Notes
State driver's license✓ UniversalMost common; accepted in all states
State-issued non-driver ID card✓ UniversalAccepted in all states
U.S. Passport or Passport Card✓ UniversalAccepted in all states; no address on passport — also collect from seller verbally
Military IDMost StatesAccepted in most states; some require driver's license specifically
Tribal-issued photo IDSome StatesAccepted in states with significant tribal populations (OK, NM, AZ, MT)
Employer photo ID badgeNot AcceptedNot a government-issued ID; never acceptable alone
Social Security cardNot AcceptedNot a photo ID; never acceptable as primary identification
Foreign passportVariesAccepted in some states; others require U.S. government-issued ID

Record Retention Requirements by State

StateRetention PeriodFormat RequiredElectronic Reporting
Texas2 yearsPaper or electronicNo (as of 2025)
California2 yearsPaper or electronic; photos required for convertersNo statewide; some counties require it
Florida2 yearsElectronic only for regulated materialsYes — FDLE reporting system required
Georgia3 yearsElectronic preferred; paper acceptedYes — GILE system required for converters
Virginia3 yearsElectronic required for convertersYes — VATIX system
North Carolina2 yearsPaper or electronicNo
Tennessee2 yearsPaper or electronicNo
Ohio1 yearPaper or electronicNo
Michigan2 yearsPaper or electronicNo
Illinois2 yearsPaper or electronicSome counties require it
Pennsylvania1 yearPaper or electronicNo
Colorado1 yearPaper or electronicNo

Thumbprint and Photo Requirements

Some states go beyond ID documentation and require biometric or photographic records:

Electronic Reporting Systems

States requiring electronic reporting typically mandate submission within 24–72 hours of the transaction. Major systems currently in use:

Check with your state's enforcement agency for approved reporting systems. Using a non-approved system does not satisfy the reporting requirement even if data is being captured.

FAQ

Do not complete the purchase. In every state that requires seller ID collection, it is illegal to purchase regulated metals without collecting the required ID. If a seller refuses to provide ID, you must decline the transaction. Document the date, time, and description of the material the seller attempted to sell, and note that ID was refused. This record protects you if the item later turns up in a stolen property report.
Most states allow you to record the relevant information (name, address, ID type, ID number) rather than requiring a copy or scan. However, some states allow copies and some dealers prefer them for ease of record-keeping. If you do photocopy or scan IDs, ensure your record retention practices are secure — storing copies of government IDs creates data security obligations. Some state privacy laws limit how long you can retain ID copies separately from transaction records.
In most states, you record the address on the ID. If the seller states they have moved and the ID shows an old address, record both: the address on the ID and the seller's stated current address. Do not refuse the sale solely because an ID address differs from a stated address — this is common and not inherently suspicious. Your obligation is to record what was presented. However, a discrepancy between ID and stated address, combined with other red flags, may justify extra scrutiny.

Seller ID requirements are set by state statute and vary significantly. This guide reflects requirements as of early 2025. Verify current requirements with your state's licensing agency before making compliance decisions. This is not legal advice.

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